º�± 1: º‘Ñ€× ×€��æÅ —À‘Þ ×€��æÅ  1.1.0  ºÖþ×ì ×€�ÇÖ ƒÆ›�Å ƒÜÚÒ�, ºíºÒ ‡¹±Ì›�äò ×ÞÆ‘Ö ƒÜØÆ™�›�€ã¿ —ºìŽòéî. °î™—�òì ‹Ñ …ÏØÒ‘ ƒÆ™�ÁÖÒ‘, �€œØÖÒ‘ œ¥¿—º‘Ïã‘ŽÆ, �Ÿ´° À‘€ÆÇò º�±Æ‘ŽÆ »ÌŽÏ± À‘€Æ€Æ À¹±Ì …Ͻ�ã‘ŽÆ �™�Ì œ™�Ì›�è ºíê ÃÆ™�, �€œ—ב¨ ˜¦Æ ‹Ñ —º‘Ïè …ã°‘Žòé³.  1.1.1 ƒ¹° �™�Ì œ™�Ì›�è �€î´³Å ‡¹±Ì›�è ‡î ˜é´°�Å---- Šòê€î´ °‘™Ž �°ò ƒÆÖ»€î™ —�¨´³, …ϗב¨ צ—ב¨ °î™—�î ‹Ñ ƒÆÖ½ …€¥´°‘Ë �€œ—ב¨ ƒÆ›�Å Šòé‘Ë ‹Ñ —º‘Ïä€î —×äÆ‘™Ž …ã°‘™�×°‘Ö, �€× ‡¹±Ì›�è ‚Žòéî.  1.1.2 …Ò�´±Ö þ°‘òê �³ �³—×î Ÿª¦ �êÆ×ÏÅ, —ºÆͪ¨ �€Ý™�×ÏÅ ×€�ÇÖ Šíì€À µÆ´—°‘¨Å —°‘¥Ñ¢�—Æ‘¨Å ÃàŸ�ã‘� ƒÆ›�Å �€î´³ —º‘Ϫ�—㑨Š»Í™� ב̑ ×€�ÇÖ ƒ¹° ‡¹±Ì›�è œ›�ÀÀ‘Ž ¶íŽòéî.  1.1.3 �³—×î Ÿª¦ �êÆ×ÏÅ —º‘ÏãêØÖ, �°þ ƒ€Æ¹³ »Í¿»òê ‚î‘Ö �̹° ¶€ÒÇÖ ‡¹±Ì �êÚÅ,  �¹° ‡¹±Ì ×¦Ø€î ¶ì´³Å �™�Ìœ™�Ì �êÚÅ �Ò¹±Ï™Žòé³. —º‘ÏãêÚ ‡òº³, —º‘Ϫ�äò �«×êþב¨, �×íêò ƒÆÖºêØÖ �̹³ ¶í�Å ‡¹±Ì×¦Ú �êÚÅ, �±Ö ¶í�Å �™�Ìœ™�Ì �êÚÅ …è㥙ŽÆ Šòé‘�Å.  1.1.4 ƒÜבì �̹³ …¥›Ž€Æ¹³ ¶òé‘ÕÅ, ºíºÒ —º‘Ϫ�€ã þœ‘±´³ �×íêò Šà�Ò‘íê€î, µ¥´€°€Æ, ƒÆ›� º¯»€î �ê¹³ Šíì€À þ×íì€À�€ã™ �¯¨ ‚˹³ ¸€ÝÚ�è —ºíì ½€°¹³ Ž¥™�Å ‡¹±Ì צכ�€ãÉÅ, �×í€é ¶ì´³Å �™�Ìœ™�Ì›�€ãÉÅ °ï´³¿ »Í´³ �êב™� æÉÅ.  1.1.5 ƒÜבì �êÆ×Ϻ×í€éþÆ »þãªþ¥‘ ‡ñÅ ŽþÌ™� °´³×£‘ï IDEA ‡òì ˜êÇÏ™Žòé‘Ñ. »í�‘Ò´±Ö ƒ°€î FORM ‡òìÅ ƒòñÅ ºÖþ×ì ×€�ÇÕÅ ‰þÌ‘¿»Æ �ê£Ñ�è ˜ê¢—œòìèãîÑ. �¬°ØÆÖ ‚ËØÖ º¨×—°ÖÒ‘Å ƒ´°€�Æ ‡¹±Ì›�è ‡îÒ‘Å.  1.1.6 ‡¹±Ì צכ�æÅ ‚�þ× �™�Ìœ™�Ì›�æÅ ŠþÌ þµÌ´±Ö ‡¯«íé ƒ¥›�äÖ  —œÆíº¨º€×Æ‘� ƒÏ™Žòéî. ƒ€× °ï´³Å ½«Ñ¹³Å œ›ŽÓ´ —°‘¥—Ìî —°‘¥Ñ½íìÅ —œÆÖº¨Žòéî.  1.1.7 ƒ°î‘Ö ºíºÒ —º‘Ϫ�€ã Š¿»ª¨ Šíì€À þ×íì€À�€ã™ �‘®Å þº‘³, —º‘³ØÆÖ½ ‡òìÅ �é¿»ÆÖ½ ‡òìÅ �×íêò ƒÆÖ½�è Ø�í»´³ �êÆ¿º¨Žòéî. —º‘³ØÆÖ½�è »Í´°êÆ¿ºª¨ —œ‘ÖÒ‘™�¿º¥ —º‘³¿—ºÆÑ�è —œ‘ÖÒ‘™�´±Ö ×ÏŽòéî. 'ÀÌÅ' 'À‘¨' '‚¨' 'µ‘Ë' 'À€Ò' ‡òºî þº‘òé ƒÆí—œ‘í�è ƒ´°ò€ÀÆî. ƒ›� —œ‘ÖÒ‘™�¿º¨Å —º‘³ØÆÖ½�è, …¯€ÀÇÖ ºÖþ×ì —º‘Ϫ�äÖ ºíºÒ þ×캑¨�ª� †þ¥ —œÆÖº¨Å ‡¹±Ì —œ‘к›�äò �êþ×Æ‘Å. ‚� ƒ´°€�Æ  —œ‘í�€ã �êŽòé ŠÏ×ò �êØïÖ, ƒ¹° ‡¹±Ì ×¦× �êÚÅ ‚�þ× �°€î ¶ì´³Å �™�Ìœ™�Ì �êÚÅ —°ä¹³Å —°äÆ‘³Å ƒÏ™Žòéî.  1.1.8 …Ò�´±Ö ŠÏ×ò ‹Ñ —º‘π㙠�‘«, �¹° —º‘ÏäÖ —œê¹±Ï™Žòé ‡¹±Ì צכ�äò �êØí�´ °�, �×ïò �¿—º‘π㿠ºíêÆ ½Í¹°êÚ �ÖÒ³ ½Ò€À ‡òº°‘Å. �±�À‘� —°Í¹±Ï™�, �°íþ�íº �±�À‘î —œ‘í�äò ×Þ �¹°¿ —º‘π㿠ºíêÆ ½Ò€ÀÇò —œ‘ÖÒ‘¥Ö, ×Ñ«€î. �€éב�þ× �깱Ͽº×ò �€éב�þ× ×Ѭ™� æÉÅ.  1.1.9 �‘®Å ±é´³ …ÇÑ�ã‘þÒþÆ, º‘Ñ€×�è ×ÖÒ …ÇÑ�ã‘þÒþÆ ƒÜבé‘î —º‘Ïè �êÚ�€ã¿ —ºé æÉÅ. ƒ×í€é —°‘Ö�‘¿»ÆÑ Šòéê׳ ‡òº€° þ°‘Óò ×Þ …Ì� …íì �ê׳ ‡òìÅ, �°— µ‘ÚÅ þœÌ ƒÌ¯¨ �ê׳ ‡òìÅ, �°þ Ä™�Å þœÌ Äòì �ê×—°òìÅ, �—°‘þ ƒ¿—º‘à³ �¯®Å þœÌ  µ‘ò�ê׳ ‡òìÅ, ƒ°þ —œØÉÅ þœÌ ‰¹°ê׳ ‡òìÅ ‰Å½Ò›�è ×Þ ‡Ü×‘ì …ÇÍî›�ª� º‘Ñ€×�è ×¹°€ÀŽòéî ‡òì Ø㙎 ƒÏŽòé‘Ñ.  1.1.10 ƒï ƒÜ ‰×€� ½é™�Ì«›�€ãÉÅ ºÆòº¨´³Å ��™�Ì«À‘ŽÆ Àî´€°ÉÅ �¯¥ê¹³ Àî´þ°‘¨ �ê×€° ‚éê׳ ‡òì ˜ê¢—œòìèã‘Ñ.  ƒï �ÞØÕ¯€ÀÇÖ Ø㙎Æבì, ƒ×í€éÉÅ ƒ×íê™� �¿º‘ÕÀ‘ŽÆ º‘Ñ€×�€ãÉÅ —°‘�´³ —º‘êÓÆ¿ º‘Ñ€×, ¸–ÓÆ¿ º‘Ñ€×, ¸°ÓÆ¿ º‘Ñ€×, ºÌ¿º‘Ñ€×, �׿º‘Ñ€× ‡òìŠæØÖ º‘Ñ€×Æíé º‘Ñ€× ‡òéבìÅ �‘«Ò‘Å. ‹Ü—בì ×€�¿ º‘Ñ€×™� ˆíº —º‘Ϫ½Ò¿º‘¨. ƒÜבé‘î º‘Ñ€×�ª� ˆíº ºÖþ×캪¥ —À‘Þ×€��æÅ �€ÀÉÅ ‡òº°‘Å.  1.1.11 —º‘êÓÆ¿ º‘Ñ€× ‡òº³ ‰Å½Ò›�€ã™ —�‘¯¨ À‘´±ÌÅ �ê×°‘�Å. ‚�þ× �´³ ��´³ ‡î×ÏÅ ƒÏ×€�¿ —º‘Ï�ªäÖ ��´³¿ —º‘Ϫ�€ãþÆ �‘¯º³×‘�Å. �´³¿ —º‘Ϫ�€ãÉÅ ƒ°î‘Ö ��´°‘�þ× �‘¯ºÑ. ƒï ¸–ÓÆ¿ º‘Ñ€×Ƒ׳ �‘«¿º¨Å �€î´€°ÉÅ ‹Ñ ¸–—Òî™ �¯¨, ‚�þ×  ½éÚÏ ½€°ÉÏ ‡î ƒÌ¯¨ …Ï™�è …¯—¥î™ �¯¨ ½éÚÏØÓϹ³ ½€°ÉÏØí�¢ —œòì �›� ½éÚÏ™�äò º¯½�€ã ¶ì´³×îב� ¶Á´° �‘Ì«›�ã‘� ½€°ÉÏ™�è ƒÏ™Žòéî ‡òì �ê¹³ �×í€é™ �‘¯º°‘�Å. ƒ°î‘Ö Æ‘¯¨Å ��´³¿—º‘Ϫ�äò †þ¥þÆ �×í€é �±ª¦´³´ þ°‘òìÅ �´³¿ —º‘Ϫ�æÅ …¯—¥î™ �‘«×ÏÅ ‡òº°‘Å. ¸°ÓÆ¿ º‘Ñ€×Ƒ׳, �îÚ�è �‘ª��è  þº‘òé×í€é �‘«´°ÏÅ º‘Ñ€×Æ‘�Å. ƒ¿º‘Ñ€× ×ÞþÆ °‘ò ½Ì‘«ÚÏ™�è …¯—¥î �êÆ×ÏÅ ‡òº°‘Å. ƒï ƒ×í€é™ �¥¹°îþ× ºÌ¿º‘Ñ€× ×€��è. ƒ€×þÆ �×£‘î™ �‘ª��è ‡òìÅ �€Ý™�¿º¨Å.  1.1.13 þÀþÒ ˜é¿ºª¥ º‘Ñ€× ×€��æ™� ˆíº —À‘Þ×€��è …¯—¥òº°‘Å. Ÿª¨�‘Ò …«Ñþב¨ ×ÏÅ —º‘êÓÆ¿º‘Ñ€×™� …Í´°‘Ë ×ÏÅ —À‘Þ €×�Í —À‘Þ ‡òº³. �꿽�‘Ò …«Ñþב¨ ×ÏÅ ¸–ÓÆ¿ º‘Ñ€×™� …ÍÆ°‘Ë ×Ï׳ €ºœ¹± —À‘Þ ×€�Æ‘�Å. �꿽 �‘ÒÚ«ÑÚ �ÝìÅ ±é´±ò ¸°ÓÆ¿ º‘Ñ€×™� …ÍÆ —À‘Þ À´±€ÀÆ‘�Å. ƒ×íê™� �¿º‘Ö ×ÏÅ ºÌ¿º‘Ñ€×�ª� ¡™�€À ב™þ� —À‘ÞÆ‘�Å  ‡òº°‘Å. ƒï ƒ×í€é—ÆÖÒ‘Å �¥¹³ º‘Ñ€×Æíé º‘Ñ€× ×¹°€ÀÆ �°í� …ÍÆ°‘� �±¡™�€À ‡î¿ º¨Å Ÿ´° þÀ‘îÅ —À‘ÞÆ‘� �€ÀÉÅ ‡òº°‘�Å. ƒ³þ× ‹›�‘Ì´³ ŠÏ—À‘Þ ‡òº³À‘Å. ƒ×íêò ØÍ—×ÖÒ‘Å �ÞØÕ¯€ÀÇÖ.     2 ‡¹±Ì›�æÅ �«™ŽÆÒêÚÅ  1.2.1 ‡ÖÒ‘ —º‘Ϫ�æ™�Å ºíºÒ º¯½�€ã´ °ÏŽòé ‡¹±Ì צכ�ã ¸¯¬Æ°‘� ‚˹³ »Í´°êÆ Ã¦ÉÅ. ‡ÖÒ¿ —º‘ÏãêÚ�æÅ ƒ´°€�Æ ½€° ‡¹±Ì ×¦× �êÚ�þã. À¹° �êØÖ ŠÏ�Òþ× —×俺ª¦Ï™�, ˜Ñ´° �êØÖ Á�¿ ºÒ-- ¸¯€À™�Å ‚Ý´±í�Å ˆíéבì.  1.2.2 ƒ¹° ‡¹±Ì צכ�è �™�Ìœ™�Ì›�ã‘Ö ¶ì´°¿ º¨Žòéî ‡òº°‘Ö, ƒ¹°  �™�Ìœ™�Ì›�æÅ À¹±Ì צכ�è ‡òº°‘Ö Ã¦ØÖ �¬°×êØþÒþÆ �×íêò ƒÆÖ½�è —°äבŽòéî. ×òî›�è º°›�è ‡òº×íþ鑨 �×í€é ‹Ñ þ�‘Ñ€×Æ‘™Ž œ™�ÌÀ‘™�Å ˜ì�è �¬°™ ˜ì�è ‡òéê�.  1.2.3 ‡ÖÒ‘ œ™�Ì›�æÅ ƒ¥ØÆÖ (geometry) ‡òìÅ ‡¯¬ÆÖ(arithmetic) ‡òìÅ ×ÏÅ �¬°´ ³€é�è ×Þ �ê¹³ —°äÚ º¨´°í�ÍÆî. —°‘ï �êØþ �«™ŽÆÖ �êÚÅ �™�Ìœ™�Ì›�€ã¿ ºíêÆ ½Ò€À€Æ¿ —ºé �ê�ÏØ�ã‘� �€ÀŽòéî.  1.2.4 ‡ÖÒ‘ ×€�¿ º‘Ñ€×�äÕÅ —º‘Ϫ�è þ°‘òê �Þ°Ö °ò€À´°‘� ƒÏ™�, ‡¹±Ìצכ�æÅ �×íêò ÄÒÀ‘ŽÆ �™�Ìœ™�Ì›�æÅ Æ‘¯¨Å À�‘œ›�‘Ì �‘ÒÅ ×€ÌÇÖ �ÞÆ‘þ° ¶í�Å.�×íêí� ƒ¥™�ª¨Å �‘Ò™�ª¨Å ƒÖÒ‘€ÀÆ‘Ö Æ‘¯¨Å À‘é‘ …¯€À�ã‘Žòéî.  1.2.5 ƒ´°€�Æ �êÚ�þã �«™ŽÆÖ �êÚ�æÅ ‡òéÍ�. �«™Žª¨ �êÆ¿º¨Å �€î´³Å —º‘Ϫ�äò ×Þ —ºíé‘ÕÅ, —º‘Ïè �¥¹° �êÚ�ã‘� �€× ƒÏ¿º°í�™ �‘Ì«Å �€× ƒ´°€�Æ �™�Ìœ™�Ì �êÚ ‡òéê�.  1.2.6 ‡ÖÒ‘ ��™Ìœ™�Ì›�ª�Å œ‘°‘Ì« ÀéÇÖ �ÞÚ ƒÖ€Ò ‡òé‘ÕÅ, À�‘œ›�‘Ì´±Ö �×íêí� �ÞÚ …¯¨. �€î´³ �™�Ìœ™�Ì›�æÅ ƒà™�¿ºª¨ ‹›�‘ÌÀ‘ŽÆ ‹—Ìà´þ°‘Ñ —À‘ÞÆ‘Žòé³. »ã¹³ »ã¹³ —×Üþ×ì �™�Ìœ™�Ì›�ã‘�, °ï´°ï �™�Ì›�ã‘� ƒÏ™�Å ¶€Ò þº‘Ë, þº°›�è  ƒÝ¹³ Šòé‘� Š¨›�Å ¶€ÒþÆ À�‘œ›�‘ÌÅ ‡òéê�.  3.0 �™�Ìœ™�Ì›�æÅ �êØÆÖ ³€é�æÅ.  1.3.1 ‡ÖÒ‘ ×€� �êØÆÖ ³€é�äò …€Ý¿½™�æÅ ‡¹±Ì צכ�€ã �¯¥ê׳Å, �×í€é ¶ì´³Å �™�Ìœ™�Ì›�€Ò �¯¥ê׳Š �×íꙎ€¥þÆ …èã ºÒ …éÚ Ã€é�€ã �¯¥ê׳À‘ŽÆ þµ‘™�›�€ã …€¥Æ³.  1.3.2 ‡¹° �™�Ìœ™�ÌÅ ‡¹° ‡¹±Ì´€° ¶ì´³Žòé³; ‡¹° ‡¹±ÌÅ ‡¹° —º‘Ï€ã …ã°‘™�Žòé³ ‡òì �¯¥ê¹°‘Ö, °î™� þׯ¦Æ€° °‘þî º€¥´³™—�‘èæÅ ±éñ€¥Æ×î‘� Àï°ò ×ãÑŽòé‘ò. ƒÆí€�™� �¦€ÀÆ‘ŽÆ ¶€ÒÇÓϹ³ ئºª¨, �°ò ƒ´°€�Æ ¸ªº›�€ã �ê¹³ —œÆí€� ×ÞÆ‘� °î™� þׯ¦Æ€°´  °‘þî º€¥´³™ —�‘¯¨ ÀŽâŽòé‘ò.  1.3.3 ƒ°î‘þÒþÆ �êØÆÖ ³€é�äÖ �é¹þ°‘›�Å µ‘¨�è �€î´³Å —°‘ÞÖ¸ªº´±ÕÅ �é¹þ°‘›Ž —º‘Ïè×ãò Á�¹°°‘�´ ±�âŽòéî.  1.3.4 —°‘ÞÖ ¸ªºÅ ‡òº³, —º‘Ϫ�€ã´ þ°Ñ¹³ ‚˹³ …ª½€°¹³ Ž¥™�Å ‡¹±Ì  —œ‘к›�€ã °ïÆ‘�¿ »Í´°ê¹³, »é� þׯ¦Æ À‘íé›�€ã¢ —œË³, »é� ‚ËÚ™�ã›�äÖ �¹° ‡¹±Ì›�€ã  »é—º‘Ϫ�äÖ —°‘Þíº¨´± °‘ò ØÏŽŠÀ‘íé›�€ã �³ °ÏŽòé°‘ ‡òì þœ‘±´³ ˆíìÅ  ‡ê¹³Å —œÖÒÒ‘Å.  1.3.5 ƒÆí€�Çò �Ï™�€ã ×ÖÓ±ò �¯¨, °î™� þׯ¦Æ€° ƒÆí€�ÇÓϹ³ °‘þî …íº´± —œË³ —�‘èæÅ °òÀ ƒ›þ� �¦ªº€¥Æ‘Žòé³. ƒ¹° °òÀò �¦ªº€¥ÇÖ —œÖ×þ° ‰þÌ‘¿»Æ �êØÆÖ ‚ËÚ Ã€é�è.  4.0 —°Ë×›�æÅ ‡¹±Ì›�æÅ  1.4.1 ƒï —º‘Ïè þ°‘íé´€° ‚ÝÀ‘� �¹±™�, צכ�€ã´ °ÏÅ �™�Ìœ™�Ì›�ã‘ŽÆ  À¹±Ì›�þ㑨Å,  ÄÒ¿—º‘Ïã‘� ¶òì°ÚÅ �Ÿ´°À‘€Æ—Æ‘¨Å, þÀÕÅ Šòì þ°€×Æ‘� ƒÏ™Žòé³. Æ‘—°ïò ƒ¹° À¹±Ì›�€ã —°‘Þíº¨´³Å œ´±�þã �€×. À¹±Ì›�è œ¥¿—º‘Ϫ�è ‡òº°‘Ö �€× °‘þî ƒÆ›�‘.  ƒ×í€é —°‘Þíº¨´³Å œ™±�€ãþÆ —°Ë×›�è ‡òì —ºÆͪ¨ �€Ý´³ µ‘Š׫›�°í�ÍÆ  —º‘Ïã‘� ‚™�Žòþé‘Å.  1.4.2 ‡ÖÒ‘ —°Ë×›�æÅ �€î´€°ÉÅ —œÕ´³Å ‚€«Æ‘ŽÆ �ל›�íº´±ò ±Í¹° צכ�ã‘�  ºÌ�×ïò —×俺‘¨�þãÆ‘Å. ‹Ñ —°Ë× ×¦ØþÒ ºÌ�×ò ¶í�, �¹° —°Ë×Å ˆØ ‚€« °Ì, À¹±Ì›�è �€œ¹³ �Ÿ´°  À‘€Æ€Æ´ °‘™�, ‹Ñ —º‘Ïè …ã°‘Žòé³. Šòé‘Ë …¥î‘Ë þ×é‘Ë ºÌ�×þî �×íþ鑨 ƒÏ¹³, �×íêò þ°‘íé´€°ÉÅ, ¶€Ò¿€ºÉÅ, ³€¥¿€ºÉÅ �¯�‘¬´°×‘ì ƒÏ™Žòé‘ò. ƒ³þ× —ÀË�¯¥‘Ñ �¯¨€Ì´° ƒ€é×ò �€×þÆ °‘þîÆ‘Ë ¶í�Å �´³Ø° ¶€ÒÆ‘�Å.  1.4.3 —°‘ÞÖ þ×캨°íþ�íº, ºÌÅ—º‘Ïäò —×俺‘ª¨ צכ�ã‘ŽÆ —°Ë× ×¦×›�è  þ×캨Žòéî. ‡ÖÒ‘ —°Ë×›�æÅ ‹Ñ †Ñ±É¥ñÅ ‚É°›�þ㑨Šþ°‘òì׳, �€× ºíºÒ ‡¹±Ì›�€ã 虎, ºíºÒ —°‘ÞÖ�è —œËÉÅ œ´±�è ‡òº€° µ‘Å �êÉŠׯ«Å µÀ™� ½Í¹³—�‘㙘¦Æ צØÖ �‘ª� °Ì ±ÏÚèãÅ —�‘¯¦Ï¿º°‘þÒþÆ.  1.4.4 �òî¿ ºé€× µ‘òÃ�ñ™� ב�îÅ. ƒ›� �òé€× ‡òº³  À´±€À ב™�‘ŽÆ  ½Ì‘«—À‘ÞÇÖ Øã›�Å µ‘òÃ�î³  ‡¹±Ì´€°¿ ºíêÆ —À‘Þ. �³ …¯€ÀÇÖ ‹Ñ  �™�Ìœ™�ÌÀ‘�Å.  �³ �êØþÒ ‡à¹³, …ÇþÌ‘¨ �Ò¹³ —°‘Þíº¥ —°‘¥›ŽØª¥‘Ö, �Ï´³¿ º€¥¿½™�ã‘ŽÆ  �¹°€î�è,  ‡¯«›�è, �íº€î�è þº‘òé€× …ã°‘Žòéî. ƒ¹° ‡¹±Ì´€°ÉÅ, �°ò º±¿½, ¶€Ò¿½, ÿ™�Å  þº‘òé×í€éÉÅ �°ò —°‘Þíº‘ª¦ò ˜ì�€ãÉÅ þÀØ Ø€ãÆ‘¨Å �×—œ‘кŠƒ›�  ƒ¿º¬�ª� ˆíº  µ‘òÃ�î‘Žòé³. �êØò —°‘Þíº‘ª¦þÒ°‘ò º€¥¿½ Ø€ãÆ‘ª¨ ‡òº€° —ׯ€À  �‘ª¨Žòé³.  �°€î þµ‘™Ž þ°¦´±Í×€° �€Àѹ±Ï™�Å —×¹°‘À€Ì �‘ª¨Žòé³. ƒ³þº‘Ò »éÚÅ.  1.4.5 ƒ°î‘Ö ‚�À �êØÆÖ ³€é�è, —ºÏź‘ÕÅ �êØò —×俺‘¨�ã‘� ƒÏ™�Å —À‘ÞÇÆÖ,  �íºØÆÖ, þ�‘Çí�ª¦¥ØÆÖ, ×Þº‘ª¦ÆÖ. ‹ØÆØÆÖ, ƒ€œÇÆÖ, µ‘ª¦Æ µ‘¥�ØÆ—Òòé×‘ì  �€À¹³Øª¥î. þÆ‘�ØÆÖ, À¹±Ì°¹±ÌØÆÖ, …ãØÆÖ, �´°ÀÏ´³×ØÆÖ ‡òéבìÅ Ø͹³èãî.  ƒ´°€�Æ �êØÆÖ ³€é�€ã ×ãÑ´³ ºÖþ×ì ×€�Æ �êØò ±é›�€ã ‚˹³, ‚›� ‚ª�  —œËÉÅ  À¹±Ì ƹ±Ì›�€ã™ �¯¨ º¯º‘ª¦€î ×ãÑ´³èãîÑ.  1.4.6 ƒ´°€�Æ ‚�À™�€Ò�äò �¦ªº€¥ÇÖ �€À¹°þ° ‚�À º¯º‘¨ ‚�Å. °ÁÝ, ±Ì‘Ø¥  º¯º‘¨�æÅ, ƒ´°€�Æ º¯º‘¨�äò °‘™�°Ö —ºíé …Ò�´³ ˆ€îÆ ºòº‘¨�è �€î´³Å  ‚�À¿ º¯º‘¨�ã‘Å. ƒ³þ× ƒï …Ò�—ÀÒ‘Å ×ãѹ³ —œÞ´þ°‘›�Å µÒñ€¥Æ³-- �êØÆÖ  ÀéÇÖ  …¯€À�€ãþÆ™ �¯¨ ˆíé ÀéÇÆþÒ‘¨ �€À¹° º¯º‘¨ ƒ³—בòþé ‡òº°‘ÕÅ, �êØÆÓò  ‚ª�™� ƒ¹° …Ò�þÀ �¥›Ž ×Ï×—°òº°‘ÕÅ, �³þ× ¶Æ± ‡òº°‘ÕÅ ƒ³.  5.0 ‡¯×€� ±ÏØ€ãÆ‘¥Ö�æÅ �´±�æÅ  1.5.1 ƒï ‚«×ÀÒ´±Ö ‚â¹³ Ž¥™�Å ‚òÀ‘™�è �µ‘±þÆ ƒ°î‘Ö �®´³×Å ‡Ë±  ºŸ™�ã‘�¿  »é¹±é¹³ …Ýòì ×ÏÅ �íéêÚ …ÇÑ�ã‘� ƒÏ¿º€°¿ þº‘™Ž ºÌ´³×Å ‡Ë±Æ ‚òÀ‘™�ã‘�  ×ãÑ¿º°í�,  ƒ¹° �™�Ìœ™�Ì ‡¹±Ì›�€ãþÆ �ÏØÆ‘�™ —�‘¯¨ ƒ€é×ò ºíºÒ ˜´°‘¦  �Ï躑䙎òé‘ò.  1.5.2 ‡ÖÒ‘ ‚òÀ‘™�þ㑨Š»Í¿»òê ƒÌ¯¥é™ �Ò¹³ ¶í�Å £‘îÀÆî‘ŽÆ ƒ€é×ò,  �µ¹¶ÆÀ‘�  �€î´€°ÉÅ �¯¨, �‘Ò´°‘™�°Óòê ¶òì, ‡ÖÒ‘ ‚òÀ‘™�æÅ †Ë¹³ Ù¨þºé€¥Æ,  £‘îþº‘°�À‘�  ºÖ×€� ±ÏØ€ãÆ‘¥Ö�€ã µ¥´³Žòé‘ò. ƒ¹° ‡¹±Ì —œ‘к›�€ã´ þ°íê ‚òÀ‘™�þ㑨  ƒÌ¯¥é™  �Ò¿»´³ �êØ€î —°‘Þíº¨´³×³Å, �°î‘Ö ‡¹±Ì´°‘Ö ‚�™ ˜¦Æ³ æÉÅ ×€Ì �¹° ‡¹±ÌþÀ  ÿ›�‘³ ‚òÀ‘þב¨ ¶€Ò¿»¿º³Å, »é� œ›�‘ÌÅ µ¥´± ƒ°€î ÿ™Ž �Ïè׳Šº™�×Å ×Ï›�‘Ö  °ò€î À€é´³ ¶íº³À‘ŽÆ ‰¹—°‘ÞÖ�ã‘Ö �€î´³ ×€� ±ÏØ€ãÆ‘¥Ö�€ãÉÅ  µ¥´³Žòé‘ò  ‡òéê�. ƒ€× �€î´³Å €×�ÍÆ‘± ב™��è ×Þ µ¥¿º³À‘�Å.  1.5.3 ƒÜ×‘ì ‚¥¿º¨Å ±ÏØ€ãÆ‘¥Ö�è ×ÞþÆ°‘ò …Ò�´³ ¶�â¢��è �€î´³Å µ¥™Žòéî.  ƒ¹°  ±ÏØ€ãÆ‘¥Ö�€ã µ¥´³Å —ºÏ›�Ï€«Æ‘Ö °‘ò ‡ÖÒ‘ ‚òÀ‘�æ™�Å ‡¯×€� �´± ½´±�è  ×¹°€¥Žòéî.  1.5.4 ½´±�è ‡òºî ‹Ñ þת€�Æ‘Ö †¹°¿º¥ �°î‘Ö ‚�Å �êØò þº‘™�, —°‘Þíº‘¨�è.  —×俺ª¦Ï™Žòé ½´±�þã ŠÏ×ò ‡´°ò€ÀÆò ‡òº€° ¶ì´³Žòéî. ƒ×í€é �«›�è  ‡òìÅ  ˜éÒ‘Å. �Æ×ò, �¨¤�î´°ò, �ÏÁ, °òîÒÅ Á™�×ò, —�‘©Ìò, פœ�ò, —º‘ËÆò ‡òºîþº‘òé  �«›�æÅ, …º�‘Í, …¯€ÀÆò, …ì±Æò, �¥€À …«ÑÚ Á™�×ò, ƒÌ™�¢ �¹°€îÆò,  —º‘³µÒò  ‡òì µÖÒ �«›�æÅ, ½´± ‡ñÅ �êØò þº‘™�‘Ö ‡òéê�. ‚«× ÀÒ´°‘Ö ƒÞבî �«›�è;  —°Ë×´ þ°‘Ý€ÀÆ‘Ö µÖÒ �«›�è.  1.5.5 ƒï �¬À‘, �ÍÀ‘ þº‘òé �´±�è �êÚ´ ±é›�è ‡òéê�. º™�×´±Ö Ã±Ì Ã±Ì,  �íéä�ã‘� ˆê ˆê þÀþÒ þÀþÒ —œÖÒ, ƒ¹° �´±�è ºÖ�Å. ƒ°î‘Ö �êÆ ×‘Ì‘ �êÚ�è  �´±™�Å,  �‘« ב̑™ �‘ª��è —ÀËÆ‘�Å. ƒ×íêò ØÍ€× �ÞØÕ¯€À, �Ϫ�éè ±Ï—µê´—°äÚ  �×£‘î�íºÅ þº‘òé »é ¸–í�äÖ �¯¨ —°ä�.